Lung cancer kills more men and women than any other cancer (UK: 34,000/year). MSCs specifically migrate and incorporate into tumours. They can be used for targeted delivery of anti-cancer therapies, including lung cancer. TRAIL is a cell surgace ligand which kills cancer cells, but not normal cells. The TRAIL encoding gene is readily transfected into MSCs which, in pre-clinical work, develop the ability to kill established lung cancer cells.